ABSTRACT
Abstract Congenital malformations are abnormalities of structure, formation or function observable at birth that causes great economic losses in livestock industry. In this study, we describe the incidence of the main congenital anomalies encountered in the last year (June 2020-June 2021) in ruminants from Elazig region according to species, breed, age and sex, number of pregnancies, rectal examination, and method of conception employed. A total of 79 congenital anomalies encountered in 73 animals during this study were evaluated. Of 73 animals most of congenital anomalies were calves (84.93%) and males (68.49%). It was determined that the most common type of congenital anomaly in calves was hernia umbilicalis (21.51%) while in lambs and goat kids was atresia ani. Most of these anomalies were formed in the abdominal wall and organs of gastrointestinal system (46.84%). Congenital anomalies in calves and lambs were more frequently when they came from the first pregnancy of their dams, while in goat kids when their dam had the second pregnancy. Most of small ruminant that had congenital anomalies came from dams with multiple gestation. Rectal examinations performed in cattle during the early stages of gestation was probably one of a predisposing factor for the formation of congenital malformations in this specie. More studies that include the participation of diagnostic laboratories are needed to improve the characterization of congenital anomalies that contribute to the implementation of preventive and control measures in the herds of these species in our region.
Resumen Las malformaciones congénitas son anomalías de estructura, formación o función observables al nacer que provocan grandes pérdidas económicas en la industria ganadera.. En este estudio, se investigó la incidencia de las principales anomalías congénitas encontradas en el último año (junio de 2020-junio de 2021) en rumiantes en la región de Elazig. según especie, raza, edad, sexo, número de preñeces, examen rectal y método de concepción empleado . Se evaluaron un total de 79 anomalías congénitas encontradas en 73 animales . De 73 animales con anomalías congénitas, la mayoría eran terneros (84, 93%) y machos (68,49%). Se determinó que el tipo de anomalía más común en los terneros fue la hernia umbilical (21,51%) mientras que en corderos y cabritos fue la atresia anal. La mayoría de estas anomalías se formaban principalmente en los órganos de la pared abdominal y órganos del sistema gastrointestinal (46,84%). . Las anomalías congénitas en terneros y corderos eran más frecuentes cuando provenían de las madres de primera preñez , mientras que en los cabritos cuando las madres tenían su segunda preñez La mayoría de los rumiantes menores con anormalidades congénitas provenían de madres con gestaciones múltiples. El examen rectal realizado en las vacas durante los primeros estadios de la gestación, fue probablemente uno de los factores predisponentes para la formación de malformaciones congénitas en esta especie. Se requieren más estudios que incluyan la participación de laboratorios de diagnóstico para mejorar la caracterización de las anormalidades congénitas y contribuir a la implementación de medidas de prevención y control en los rodeos de estas especies en nuestra región.
ABSTRACT
Resumen Un paciente canino macho Kangal de 4 meses que fue llevado a nuestra clínica con antecedentes de tos severa, disestrés respiratorio y anorexia. En el examen clínico se determinó que el paciente tenía dificultad para respirar y una masa firme a la palpación de la región del cuello. Se observó que el reflejo del vómito estaba estimulado en el animal. Como resultado del examen radiográfico y endoscópico, se encontró un cuerpo extraño en la región caudal de la laringe. Una vez realizado el diagnóstico, se anestesió al paciente y se extrajo el cuerpo extraño con la ayuda de un laringoscopio. En el postoperatorio, se le administró al paciente antibióticos parenterales y antiséptico oral durante una semana. Se debate el abordaje de casos de cuerpos extraños en el tracto respiratorio de caninos.
Abstract The subject of this study was a dog brought to our clinic with complaints of severe cough, dyspnea and anorexia. During the clinical examination, a hard mass was detected by palpation of the neck area. Vomiting reflex was observed. As a result of radiographic and endoscopic examination, a foreign body was found in the caudal part of the larynx. After the diagnosis was made, the patient was anesthetized and the foreign body was removed with forceps from the oral cavity. During the postoperative period, the patient was administered parenteral antibiotics and intraoral antiseptic for a week. The approach to foreign body cases in the respiratory tract of dogs is discussed.
ABSTRACT
@#Intestinal parasitic infections are among important health problems in developing countries. In societies living in low socioeconomic conditions, it has been neglected and mostly affects children. It is important to determine the prevalence and type of intestinal parasites in order to determine the intervention strategies for these infections. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate intestinal parasite prevalence and IgE levels and the factors associated with the region in which the children population live, in Sirnak province, in the eastern of Turkey. A total of 357 symptomatic children aged 4 to 12 years, who were admitted to the Paediatric Polyclinic of Sirnak State Hospital, were examined prospectively. The collected stool samples were examined with direct wet-mount and concentration method under light microscope. In addition, total serum IgE levels were compared among 223 children with parasitic disease and 134 children without parasitic disease. One or more intestinal parasites were detected in 223 out of the 357 children participating in the study. The ratio of single, double, and triple parasitic infections in children was 32.5 %, 22.4 % and 7.6 %, respectively. The most common parasites determined in the study were Taenia spp. (39.9%), Enterobius vermicularis (38.6%) and Giardia intestinalis. (30 %). The difference between IgE levels determined in both groups was not regarded to be statistically significant. This study indicated that that intestinal polyparism is very common in children living in the province of Sirnak, which is located in the east of Turkey, neighbouring Iraq and Syria in the South. For this reason, sustainable control measures are urgently needed to improve personal hygiene and sanitation, to provide a healthy infrastructure and to improve the quality of existing water resources.